International Journal of Hematology and Oncology 2023, Vol 33, Num 4 Page(s): 057-066
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Prognostic Factors’ Perspective

Emre TEKGUNDUZ1, Muzaffer DEMIR2, Seval AKPINAR3

1Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Onkoloji Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Hematoloji Bölümü, Ankara, TURKEY
2Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları, Hematoloji Bilim Dalı, Edirne, TURKEY
3Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, TURKEY

Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Prognosis, Risk factors
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia represents a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of diseases with different outcomes among patients subgroups. Identification of prognostic factors is critical in selecting therapy for subgroups of patients to achieve a high cure rate with minimal toxicity. Another important goal of risk stratification is to define patients with a very high risk of relaps, who may benefit from up-front allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation following first complete remission. Clinical parameters, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, treatment response, minimal residual disease are among currently used factors in risk stratification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. But there are emerging new parameters like global gene expression profiling, host pharmacodynamics-pharmacogenetics and treatment protocols which may have an impact on risk-adapted treatment in the near future. In the present review we will discuss a variety of prognostic factors and their impact on clinical outcome of children and adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.